Effects of population growth on urban infrastructure and services. Pdf population growth and its effects on environment. This is further driven by dynamics within that population. Environmental problems are two typesphysical and socioeconomic. Four theories of population change and the environment. One of the factors responsible for environment degradation is population growth or population density. The impact of population on environmental degradation in south. Hence, the problem is not only that the population is burgeoning. One of the largest environmental effects of human population growth is the problem of global warming. Environmental effects along with harming human health, air pollution can cause a variety of environmental effects. In particular, population density plays the most important role in shaping the socioeconomic environment. Asoka department of environmental planning and management kenyatta university, p.
Start the discussion today with the notion of sustainability. It is not the census figures alone that need to be stressed, but an appreciation of the impact on natural resources of the rapid escalation in the rate of increase of human population. In an agricultural or technological society, each human individual has a negative impact on his environment. Pdf the rapid increase of human population is putting an incredible strain on our. It has become increasingly clear that human populations have a powerful effect on the environment. Impact of population growth on environmental degradation. As might be imagined population growth has positive and negative effects on development. If the world population continues to multiply, the impact on environment could be devastating. The changes in human environment increases the incidence of many diseases.
Population and environment theodore panayotou abstract the past fifty years have witnessed two simultaneous and accelerating trends. Eu is facing a steady ageing of the population, and in 2050 30% of the population is expected to be above 65 years old. The environmental implications of population dynamics rand. The ipat equation, first devised in the 1970s, is a way of determining environmental degradation based on a multiple of factors. Various environmental and developmental projects, programs and policies aim at. It is also that the usage of the resources, and environmental damages are also increasing at. Population policies, programmes and the environment. As might be imagined population growth has positive and negative effects on. Rapid population growth although not a direct cause, appears to exacerbate all these trends and makes solutions harder to implement. The effect of population growth on environment is causing several environmental problems in the study area.
Dynamics, lori hunter synthesizes current knowledge about the influence of population dynamics on the envi. Consider, for example, the recent article by coale 1, in which he disparages the role of u. The impact of population dynamics on the environment. How population growth affects the environment depends on whether free market policies are operative. In the absence of relevant text and reference books that. Human population impacts environment science in many ways.
They do not estimate how these elasticities may vary with population levels. The general theme was the impact of population growth and distribution on the physical environment in particular areas, and vice versa, the effects of. Theory of environmental pollution is one among them. The effect of population growth on the environment. Some scientists fear that global warming will lead to rising sea levels and extreme weather. It is also that the usage of the resources, and environmental damages are also increasing at a phenomenol speed. These acids are formed primarily by nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides released into the. Effects of population growth on urban infrastructure and. Rising populations put increasing demands on natural resources such as land, water, and energy supplies.
The general theme was the impact of population growth and distribution on the physical environment in particular areas, and vice versa, the effects of environmental changes on population trends and distribution in these particular areas. Population size and rates of growth are key elements in. Effects of demographic change on environmental degradation. South of the country, deforestation reached an unprecedented rate. In burundi, the impact of population on the environment is no longer doubtful and alarming signals light up in the country. Population, climate change, and sustainable development in. Population, environment, and development volume 20 issue 3. He is responsible for some of the simplification and resulting destabilization of ecological systems which results from the practice of agriculture 3. Population, climate change, and sustainable development in malawi. Though there is a currently fair understanding of the ways in which the indias population is changing as well as of the social and economic implications of.
In the east, a region that was there a few years ago considered. Human health and environment the huge population pressurizes and degrades the environment physically, chemically and biologically. At its simplest, it describes how human impact on the environment i is a result of a multiplicative contribution of population p, affluence a and technology t. Population size and rates of growth are key elements in environmental change. These trends have fueled the debate on the link between population and environment that began. In burundi, the impact of population on the environment is. Strengthening familyplanning services is crucial to slowing population growth, now 78 million annually, and limiting population size to 9. While total food calorie production increases more under population growth than under income or technical change, the percapita values decrease below the values of all other impacts.
The environmental implications of population dynamics. Impact of population growth on the environment environmental. Yet the exact relationship between population dynamics. Population and environment relationships in developing. Often population pressure is given a direct causal role in driving downward spirals of poverty and environmental degradation. One of the largest environmental effects of human population growth is the. Environment and related topics have nowadays become very important for upsc, state pcs and other govt competitive exams. Impacts of population growth, economic development, and.
These include water pollution, soilland degradation, food security and pressure on land. A case of eastleigh neighborhood nairobi, kenya gilbert w. This study aims to provide indications as to whether this ageing of the population is likely to have an impact on the environment. Population environment studies have implicitly permeated demography but only until the mid20th century has the debate been rekindled and research expanded. Acid rain is precipitation containing harmful amounts of nitric and sulfuric acids. In this paper, we attempt to offer some thoughts about demographic and social dynamics and environmental outcomes. As the 21 st century begins, growing number of people and rising levels of consumption per capita are depleting natural resources and degrading the environment. Feb 01, 2011 the third individual partial impact relates to the effect of population growth on food demand. As one ldc spokesperson demanded, show me one study that rigorously estimates the independent effects of population variables in environmental degradation.
The concise report is the revised version of the concise report on world pop ulation monitoring for 2001 ecn. Different factors which plays a vital role are been discussed in detail. Pdf rapid population growth effects on environment. In south africa while population growth is slowing, the numbers. In this article, we have thoroughly discussed the types, causes and impacts of different pollutions affecting humankind. Moreover, it is often assumed that population size and per capita impact are independent variables, when in fact they are not. An increase in total population citeris paribus leads to an increase in the. Population impacts on the environment primarily through the use of natural resources and production of wastes and is associated with environmental stresses like loss of biodiversity, air and water pollution and increased pressure on arable land. Introduction more humans have been added to the worlds population in the past 40 years than in the previous three million keyfitz 1989. By drawing direct comparisons between estimated effects at the community level and estimates of replacement at the individual level, the research provides new evidence on the relative importance of these two effects in population dynamics following disaster. Various diseases hiv aids, tb, malaria, water borne diseases. The findings show that population aging and urbanization can have significant effects in addition to population size but that the size of the effect greatly depends on how the question is posed.
In the east, a region that was there a few years ago considered for forestry, cropping, clearing and overgrazing was a cause of. Land resources more than 99 percent of human food comes from the terrestrial environment, and the remaining small percentage comes from the oceans, lakes, and other aquatic ecosystems pimentel and pimentel, 1996. Environmental impacts population size level of affluence or per capita consumption. The growth of gross domestic product can be constrained by high dependency ratios, which result when rapid population growth produces large proportions. Thuo department of land resources planning and management. The effect of population growth on environmental quality. Population, environment, and development environmental. It is not the census figures alone that need to be stressed, but an appreciation of the impact on natural resources of the rapid escalation in the rate of increase of human population in the recent past. Apr 09, 2018 there is a longstanding dispute on the extent to which population growth causes environmental degradation. Population growth plays a different role in each of these theories. These acids are formed primarily by nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides released into the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned. The adoption of a npp that recognises the linkages between population, environment and development, is a positive step towards sustainable development. Oct 27, 2009 such consumption, together with world population increasing from 2. In burundi, the impact of population on the environment is no.
The state of health of people depends on clean environment. Introduction this article contributes to the general debate on the link between population growth and the environment by analyzing the impact of demographic factors on two air pollutants. The general assumption is that population size impacts not only on the amount of natural goods consumed, but also the volumes of waste generated. Its effects are felt on the natural environment also.
I for the neoclassical economists, high population growth is a neutral factor. Human population and the environment 215 3 to 4 billion, in 14 years. However indepth analyses of population poverty environment linkages show that there are numerous factors conditioning source. Technologies, income and resource levels are held at year 2000 values. Causes and effects in developing countries p a g e 8the surrounding forestry is destroyed to make room for the population, which, in turn, multiplies the effects that these urban centres have on the environment.
On the other hand, some dispute overall claims of the degree of anthropogenic impacts on the environment. Interactions between demography and environmental effects. Furthermore, as urban areas move outwards, figure 4. Population and the environment the impact of population growth on economic development is a complex issue. However, these countrylevel analyses suffer from the high level of dissimilarity between world regions and strong collinearity of population growth, income, and other factors.
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